You are using a distro that is generally very behind on software versions and doesn’t bundle non free software (Debian) on a laptop with brand new hardware. Additionally, you are running a DE (cinnamon) which is really designed for a specific distro (Mint) which you are not using.
If you want stuff to just work you might want to try using a more up to date distro with a mainstream desktop. Stock Ubuntu or Fedora would probably work fine for you.
The amd drivers might not there, and they will continue to not be there on the version of the kernel you are using and choosing to be stuck on by using Debian. Drivers are part of the kernel in Linux, it’s not how windows works. Ubuntu and Fedora are not unstable, you are just choosing pain for yourself.
Stable in Linux language is a synonym for OLD. Don't let any stable OSes near any hardware that is newer than the release, and you'll be fine.
Linux 6.12 was released back in 2024, which is several months earlier than the hardware you have. So the reasonable expectation is that there is a high chance that fixes for it won't be in yet.
And use the builtin AMD drivers, you shouldn't have to touch those assuming other choices were done ok.
I’m not shifting any goal posts. I’m just tired of these posts from people saying that Linux is unstable, has quirks, etc but when you dig into it, all of the “quirks” are actually the result of strange decisions made by the author.
It’s fine to be new to Linux, but please refrain from the sweeping generalizations until you are more familiar with how it works.
Honestly, just switching to a kernel that isn't older than your hardware have a decent chance of fixing your issues. It is typically fine to upgrade kernels unless the distro has made some special modifications to them, and it was a very long time since I was hit by something like that.
Fedora is 6.18, it’s like you did not notice the word Fedora, and chose shitty clone of Debian instead of Debian. Of course it worse, no need to prove that. Get Fedora.
If you want stuff to just work you might want to try using a more up to date distro with a mainstream desktop. Stock Ubuntu or Fedora would probably work fine for you.