Example: in Australia there is an organisation named APRA AMCOS. A friend had a job with them, his job was to visit businesses, see if they were playing music, take evidence of such, and then that business would receive an invoice for the right to play the music.

There were many employees of APRA doing this, in every state, and many cease+desist/lawsuits.

The case was clear cut - you play the music, you paid a fee.

https://www.apraamcos.com.au/

(I guess many countries have similar organisations)