well I really thought that the whole point of passkeys was that they are tied to the device. Syncing a passkey should have only meant that you have a backup, not that you can actually log in from a totally different device with that other device's passkey...
What is the point of a backup if I can't restore the backup to any place my choosing? The point is that if my device get lost, stolen, dies or is damaged irreparably I can always just use another device, restore my backup and done.
So even if there is some sort of hardware tie in that only ever works with real hardware an attacker just needs hardware. Or virtual hardware I guess ;)
Totally out of context parallel: Pokémon Go. A game that gets you out into the world to find and capture Pokémons and talk to other people. Or spoof your GPS coordinates with a simple SDR setup. No anti-cheating software on the phone will ever know.