Just start with the fact that all desktop programs had a menu bar where you could find every feature - and at least on Windows - also a shortcut for that feature.
This was broken with Ribbon and the hamburger menus that every application seems to have switched to for no other reason it seems than to copy Chrome.
To be fair Ribbon is somewhat useable again, but the in the first version I have no idea how people were supposed to find the open and save functions :-)
Other problems:
Tooltips are gone. Yes, I can see they are hard to get right on mobile, but why remove them on desktop while at the same time when the help files and the menus were removed?
The result is even power users like me have to hunt through internet forums to figure out how to use simple features.
Back in the nineties I could also insert a hyphen-if-needed (I have no idea what it is called but the idea is that in languages like Norwegian and German were we create new words by smashing other words together it makes sense to put in invisible hyphens that activates whenever the word processor needs to break the word and disappears when the word is on the start or in the middle of a line and doesn't have to be split.)
Back in the nineties I was a kid on a farm. Today I am a 40+ year-old consultant who knows all these things used to be possible but the old shortcuts are gone and I cannot even figure out if it these features exist anymore as documentation is gone, tooltips are gone and what documentation exist is autotranslated to something so ridiculously bad that I can hardly belive it. (In one recent example I found Microsoft had consistently translated the word for "sharing" (sharing a link) with the word for "stock" (the ones you trade).
IMO ribbon menus are when implemented correctly actually better than a menu bar. It gives icons and the benefit of a GUI to old text-menus.
Hamburger menus I disagree with but sort of understand the logic of - they're basically like making 'fullscreen mode' the default mode, and then the hamburger menu button just sort of temporarily toggles that off. It makes perfect sense on mobile (I don't think that's what you're talking about though), and on the desktop it can make sense in a web browser when you have, essentially, 3 sets of chrome - you have the desktop window, the browser's chrome, and then the website's chrome all before you get to the website's content.
A related detail, even things like icon design have gone in a strange direction. In the interest of simplicity they've gone from recognizable to rather amorphous blobs. A button for print has gone from a clearly recognizable image of a printer, enough you could probably even guess the model number, to the icon being a rounded square with another rounded square sticking out the middle top. Many of these newer icons are just too abstract and similar to one another to be recognizable, IMO, and I think the user experience suffers.
You list a bunch of unrelated things that has absolutely nothing to do with the topic: UIs back in the day had less latency, by not caring about accessibility, internationalization, etc - but I’m quite sure they were way worse off in terms of properly handling blocking operations: you surely know the Solitaire effect
At the very least, you knew that when the UI locks up, it's actually doing something. These days, previously-blocking operations may be run async, but the result is that, every now and then, the UI will miss the signal that the async job completed (or failed). An UI that regularly desyncs from reality is a relatively new problem.
This was broken with Ribbon and the hamburger menus that every application seems to have switched to for no other reason it seems than to copy Chrome.
To be fair Ribbon is somewhat useable again, but the in the first version I have no idea how people were supposed to find the open and save functions :-)
Other problems:
Tooltips are gone. Yes, I can see they are hard to get right on mobile, but why remove them on desktop while at the same time when the help files and the menus were removed?
The result is even power users like me have to hunt through internet forums to figure out how to use simple features.
Back in the nineties I could also insert a hyphen-if-needed (I have no idea what it is called but the idea is that in languages like Norwegian and German were we create new words by smashing other words together it makes sense to put in invisible hyphens that activates whenever the word processor needs to break the word and disappears when the word is on the start or in the middle of a line and doesn't have to be split.)
Back in the nineties I was a kid on a farm. Today I am a 40+ year-old consultant who knows all these things used to be possible but the old shortcuts are gone and I cannot even figure out if it these features exist anymore as documentation is gone, tooltips are gone and what documentation exist is autotranslated to something so ridiculously bad that I can hardly belive it. (In one recent example I found Microsoft had consistently translated the word for "sharing" (sharing a link) with the word for "stock" (the ones you trade).