I had a then-teenage cousin who had a surgical...geez, either a breathing stent or a cerebrospinal shunt, I forget...installed backwards, resulting in minor permanent brain damage before the surgeon realized his mistake.
This apparently involved the surgeon sprinting back into the operating room past my aunt and uncle, yelling "I screwed up your kid, meet me here with a lawyer in three hours!"
In the UK, doctors are allowed (and by the looks of this memo, expressly encouraged) to inform the patient of their mistakes and to apologize.